Gut microbiome key to immunotherapy success: new “Cell” study reveals mechanisms of individual molecules
28.09.2026Immunotherapies, especially CAR T-cell therapy, have fundamentally changed cancer treatment in recent years, particularly for certain forms of leukemia and lymphoma. Yet not all tumors respond equally well, and the reasons for this remain incompletely understood. A new multicenter study by the LIT collaboration group “Innate Immune Sensing in Cancer and Transplantation” now shows that it is not only the composition of the gut microbiota that determines the success of CAR T-cell therapy, but above all its metabolic products. As reported in the current issue of the journal “Cell”, certain microbial metabolites can enhance or inhibit CAR T-cell function, with a major impact on treatment outcome. They also offer important starting points for microbiome-based therapies and dietary strategies aimed at supporting the gut microbiome during cancer treatment.